Waste sorting plant with production of RDF

Project summary

A plant for the processing of unsorted garbage with a productivity of 100 tons/day with the subsequent production of RDF briquettes of 2500-3000 kg/h.
In Ukraine, 400 million tons of garbage are thrown away every year, of which, according to various estimates, only 3-6% are recycled. There are many reasons why the indicators are ten times different from the European ones. Therefore, this segment is only developing within our country. Also today, the issue of alternative sources of heat and electricity is acute. This project allows you to solve several problems - processing garbage into recyclable materials with the possibility of sale on the market and production of RDF fuel.
Alternative fuel RDF (refuse derived fuel) or solid secondary fuel is a fuel obtained from waste. RDF includes high-calorie components of waste, such as plastic, paper, cardboard, textiles, rubber, leather, wood, etc. The calorific value of RDF fuel is 20000±2000 kJ/kg. The grain size of RDF is ~20-25 mm. The content of dangerous components in the fuel is strictly controlled and exceeds the permissible standards. In terms of calorific value, 1.7 kg of RDF corresponds to 1 m3 of gas. RDF can be used as the main or additional fuel in the furnaces of cement plants, CHP plants, and metallurgical furnaces. The performed calculations showed the expediency of replacing gas with solid secondary fuel during cement production. The production of cement requires significant energy consumption due to the need to maintain the temperature in cement kilns above 2000°С. For each ton of cement produced, typically 60-130 kg of fuel oil, or its equivalent (natural gas), and about 105 kWh of electricity are required. On average, energy, fuel and electricity costs account for up to 40 percent of cement manufacturing costs. Therefore, it is advisable to use alternative fuel obtained from waste in production processes in order to reduce the use of traditional types of fuel and raw materials by replacing them with alternative fuel. It is possible to replace 30 to 60% of gas in an operating cement kiln, which reduces the cost of cement production. The burning of RDF has a much smaller impact on the environment than the burning of MSW in incinerators, because the equipment of cement enterprises, in which technological processes take place at a temperature of more than 1700°C, allows to reduce to a minimum the content of harmful substances in the outgoing gases.